Kaiji Malware: Anatomy, Persistence and Detection

Aqua Cloud Native Blog \ Tags: Security Threats

SECURITY RESEARCH

Kaiji Malware: Anatomy, Persistence and Detection

Kaiji malware has emerged as a significant threat in recent years, particularly targeting Linux-based servers and IoT devices. This malware is designed to exploit internet connected services and devices to gain unauthorized access to systems. Once inside, Kaiji establishes persistence through various techniques, including creating system services and modifying system configurations.

SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY

NPM Supply Chain: A Critical Threat to Cloud-Native

A new software supply chain attack is targeting a series of highly popular open-source NPM packages unleashing malware across 18 foundational JavaScript packages that collectively accounted for a staggering 2.6 billion weekly downloads. This incident highlights how a compromised open-source package can quickly reach production environments, emphasizing the importance of visibility, security controls, and proactive …

SECURITY RESEARCH

AI-Generated Malware in Panda Image Hides Persistent Linux Threat

The line between human and machine-generated threats is starting to blur. Aqua Nautilus recently uncovered a malware campaign that hints at this unsettling shift. Koske, a sophisticated Linux threat, shows clear signs of AI-assisted development, likely with help from a large language model. With modular payloads, evasive rootkits, and delivery through weaponized image files, Koske …

SECURITY RESEARCH

Shadow Roles: AWS Defaults Can Open the Door to Service Takeover

Security Threat

What if the biggest risk to your cloud environment wasn’t a misconfiguration you made, but one baked into the defaults? Our research uncovered security concerns in the deployment of resources within a few AWS services, specifically in the default AWS service roles. These roles, often created automatically or recommended during setup, grant overly broad permissions, …

SECURITY RESEARCH

Tomcat in the Crosshairs: New Research Reveals Ongoing Attacks

News headlines reported that it took just 30 hours for attackers to exploit a newly discovered vulnerability in Apache Tomcat servers. But what does this mean for workloads relying on Tomcat? Aqua Nautilus researchers discovered a new attack campaign targeting Apache Tomcat. In this blog, we shed light on newly discovered malware that targets Tomcat …

VULNERABILITY MANAGEMENT

IngressNightmare Vulnerabilities: All You Need to Know

CVE-2025-1974 * CVE-2025-24514 * CVE-2025-1097 * CVE-2025-1098 * CVE-2025-24513

On March 24, 2025, a set of critical vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-1097, CVE-2025-1098, CVE-2025-24514, and CVE-2025-1974 — collectively referred to as IngressNightmare was disclosed in the ingress-nginx Controller for Kubernetes. These vulnerabilities could lead to a complete cluster takeover by granting attackers unauthorized access to all secrets stored across all namespaces in the Kubernetes cluster.

RUNTIME SECURITY

Supply Chain Security Risk: GitHub Action tj-actions/changed-files Compromised

On March 14th, 2025, security researchers discovered a critical software supply chain vulnerability in the widely-used GitHub Action tj-actions/changed-files (CVE-2025-30066). This vulnerability allows remote attackers to expose CI/CD secrets via the action’s build logs. The issue affects users who rely on the tj-actions/changed-files action in GitHub workflows to track changed files within a pull request. …

SECURITY RESEARCH

OPA Gatekeeper Bypass Reveals Risks in Kubernetes Policy Engines

Security Threat

Implementing Kubernetes securely can be a daunting task. Fortunately, there are tools in the K8s toolshed that provide out-of-the-box solutions using a single click. One such tools is OPA Gatekeeper. It is a great out-of-the-box security checkpoint to enforce security policies on Kubernetes. But are users using it correctly? Do they understand its limitations? Our …

SECURITY RESEARCH

300,000+ Prometheus Servers and Exporters Exposed to DoS Attacks

Security Threat

In this research, we uncovered several vulnerabilities and security flaws within the Prometheus ecosystem. These findings span across three major areas: information disclosure, denial-of-service (DoS), and code execution. We found that exposed Prometheus servers or exporters, often lacking proper authentication, allowed attackers to easily gather sensitive information, such as credentials and API keys.

SECURITY RESEARCH

Matrix Unleashes A New Widespread DDoS Campaign

Security Threat

Aqua Nautilus researchers uncovered a new and widespread Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) campaign orchestrated by a threat actor named Matrix. Triggered by activities detected on our honeypots, this investigation dives deep into Matrix’s methods, targets, tools, and overall goals.

SECURITY RESEARCH

Threat Actors Hijack Misconfigured Servers for Live Sports Streaming

Security Threat

To keep up with the ever-evolving world of cybersecurity, Aqua Nautilus researchers deploy honeypots that mimic real-world development environments. During a recent threat-hunting operation, they uncovered a surprising new attack vector: threat actors using misconfigured servers to hijack environments for streaming sports events. By exploiting misconfigured JupyterLab and Jupyter Notebook applications, attackers drop live streaming …

SECURITY RESEARCH

TeamTNT’s Docker Gatling Gun Campaign

Security Threat

Long time no see, Aqua Nautilus researchers have identified a new campaign in the making by TeamTNT, a notorious hacking group. In this campaign, TeamTNT appears to be returning to its roots while preparing for a large-scale attack on cloud native environments. The group is currently targeting exposed Docker daemons to deploy Sliver malware, a …

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